The Politics of Climate Change: International Cooperation and Domestic Politics
Climate change has become one of the most pressing global challenges of our time. With the growing recognition of the need for collective action to address this issue, international cooperation has become increasingly important. However, domestic politics can also play a significant role in shaping a country’s stance on climate change. This essay will examine the politics of climate change, focusing on the role of international cooperation and domestic politics in shaping climate policy.
International Cooperation on Climate Change
International cooperation has been a key factor in addressing climate change. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), signed in 1992, established a framework for international cooperation on climate change. Since then, several international agreements have been reached to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and limit global warming, including the Paris Agreement in 2015.
International cooperation has also been facilitated by the establishment of international organizations, such as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), which provides scientific assessments on climate change, and the Green Climate Fund, which provides financial assistance to developing countries to address climate change.
Domestic Politics and Climate Change
While international cooperation is crucial for addressing climate change, domestic politics can also play a significant role in shaping a country’s stance on climate policy. Domestic politics can influence a country’s level of commitment to addressing climate change, as well as its ability to implement effective climate policies.
Political polarization and the influence of interest groups, for example, can hinder progress on climate policy. In the United States, for instance, political polarization has led to a lack of federal action on climate change, with some political actors denying the scientific consensus on climate change and opposing climate policy measures.
On the other hand, strong political leadership can facilitate progress on climate policy. In Germany, for instance, political leadership has been instrumental in driving the country’s transition to renewable energy, with the government implementing policies and incentives to promote renewable energy and phase out coal.
Climate change is a global challenge that requires collective action and cooperation. International cooperation has been crucial in addressing climate change, with various international agreements and organizations established to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and limit global warming. However, domestic politics can also play a significant role in shaping a country’s stance on climate policy. Political polarization and the influence of interest groups can hinder progress on climate policy, while strong political leadership can facilitate progress on climate policy.
References:
Bäckstrand, K. (2018). The democratic legitimacy of climate governance. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, 9(3), e518.
Hoffmann, M. J. (2019). Climate governance: An overview of actors, institutions, and mechanisms. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics.
Paterson, M. (2020). Understanding international climate politics: Actors, processes and outcomes. Routledge.
Jørgensen, R. B., & Toly, N. J. (2022). Domestic politics and international cooperation: explaining the failure of global climate negotiations. Global Environmental Politics, 22(1), 1-20.
