Devry ethc445 final exam

Devry ethc445 final examDevry ethc445 final examPage One

This exam covers all
14 TCO’s.

For each of the following multiple choice questions, please
select the Philosophy (and/or Philosopher) which best goes with each
description below.

Question 1.1. (TCOs 2, 4, 5, 6) The idea that the assisted suicide of
terminally ill patients should be allowed simply at the patient’s direction
reflects what type of ethics? (Points : 5)
Hobbes’ State of Nature
Rand’s
Objectivism
Aristotle’s
concept of Virtue
Thomas Aquinas’
concept of conscience
Socrates’
concept of excellence

Question 2.2. (TCOs 1, 2, 7) What is the moral ideal of
temperance? (Points : 5)
Exercising control over one’s
own desires and inclinations
Keeping one’s
temper under control
Minimizing the
impact of one’s decisions
Seeking the
good of others before one’s own
Overcoming
one’s passions

Question 3.3. (TCOs 1, 2) One of the common errors in Ethics
is that of the double standard. Double standard consists of what? (Points : 5)
Discriminating in the
application of ethical criteria based on our own preferences
Setting aside
ethical criteria in special cases
Taking steps to
avoid condemnation of others
Using one set
of criteria for judging cases concerning ourselves and another for all others
Suspending
judgment when concerned that the consequences would be too severe

Question 4.4. (TCO 2)
Prescriptive language is commonly used in ethics for what reason?
(Points : 5)
To indicate
what is prohibited or impossible
To indicate that one choice is
better than others
To show what
actions are legal
To convey
requirements and obligations
To indicate
that there are really no choices available

Question 5.5. (TCOs 7, 8) Ethics that teaches us what we
should do in our own self-interest is taught through which style of ethics?
(Points : 5)
Rousseau’s
social constructionism
Rand’s
objectivism
Aristotle’s
politics
Contemporary care-based ethics
Plato’s “Ring
of Gyges” example

Question 6.6. (TCOs 2, 4, 9)
John Locke, as a Social Contract theorist, is said to have been the most
influential person who was not actually present at the table when what document
was written? (Points : 5)
The Articles of Confederation
The Declaration
of Independence
The Magna Carta
The
Constitution
The Treaty of
Westphalia

Question 7.7. (TCOs 3, 6) Agricultural biofuels are not
properly a renewable source of energy in the environmental ethics debate. Which
of the following also is not a renewable source of energy? (Points : 5)
Windmill
turbines
Hydroelectric power
Tidal flow
generators
Biomass waste
systems
Solar cells

Question 8.8. (TCOs 3, 6, 7)
The notion that the only thing good without qualification is a good will
is attributed to whom? (Points : 5)
St. Thomas
Aquinas
Socrates
John Locke
Immanuel Kant
Oliver Cromwell

Question 9.9. (TCOs 8, 9) “We ought to do whatever will
promote the greatest happiness for the greatest number.” This is an
example of what? (Points : 5)
Ethical Egoism
Utilitarianism
Kant’s
Categorical Imperative
Social Contract
Theory
Gilligan

Question 10.10. (TCOs 3, 6, 7) Syllogisms in formal deductive logic are
called “valid” when: (Points : 5)
the correct
form of the syllogism style is used.
the premise
statements are true.
the syllogism
is first determined to be “sound.”
the verbs are
written in present tense.
the conclusion proceeds from the
premises.

Question 11.11. (TCOs 1, 2)
Solving a dilemma involves realizing what aspect of it? (Points : 5)
You will never
be satisfied that the right choice was made
Some choices of
action are more realistic than others
In deciding to
choose one action, the other possible choices will be lost
Not everybody involved will be
happy with the choice
There may be
significant personal costs to choosing

Question 12.12. (TCOs 1, 2, 7) According to Thomas Aquinas,
what ethical capacity do people of every culture naturally possess? (Points :
5)
Logical
thinking
Personal virtues
Self-interest
Ability to
learn lessons
Conscience

Question 13.13. (TCOs 2, 8)
The single criterion for making decisions in utilitarian ethics is
what? (Points : 5)
The experience
of pleasure
Accounting for
unintended consequences
Fiduciary
interests to be honored
The amount of happiness produced
The principle
to be honored

Question 14.14. (TCOs 1, 2, 5) The Social Contract theorist whose troubled
childhood was most clearly reflected in his theories was who? (Points : 5)
Thomas Aquinas
Thomas
Jefferson
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Thomas Hobbes
John Locke

Question 15.15. (TCOs 3, 6, 7) “Act only according to
that maxim…” begins what famous formulation of deontological ethics?
(Points : 5)
The Nicomachean
Ethics
The Social
Contract
The Principle
of Utility
The Hypocratic
Oath
The Categorical Imperative

Question 16.16. (TCOs 2, 7, 8) Personal development and discovery through
the repetition of good acts and study of virtue characterizes what ethicist?
(Points : 5)
Plato
Aristotle
Luther
Augustine
Socrates

Question 17.17. (TCOs 2, 8) Professional societies with
codes of ethics and conduct enforce what standard on members beyond the paying
of dues? (Points : 5)
Not to engage
in other businesses for profit outside of the profession
Personal standards of behavior
for family members
Pricing
structures for services
Non-competition
among members
Meeting ethical
and competency standards in order to practice within a jurisdiction

Question 18.18. (TCOs 2, 7)
Aristotle’s Ethical Doctrine of the Mean measured personal virtues on a
scale that included the virtue itself, the excess of it, and the deficiency of
it.
If the virtue is BEING FRIENDLY, and the excess is BEING
INGRATIATING, what is the deficiency?

(Points : 5)
Unconcern
There is no
deficiency
Anger
Annoying
Being surly

Question 19.19. (TCOs 8, 9)
In personal or organizational conflict, what benefits accrue to all
parties when a leader or consultant employees one of the ethical conflict
resolution models of Week 6? (Points : 5)
Objectives of what winning the
conflict means get refined and better understood
Conflict
management gets slowed down and settled.
Conflict can be
handled in a sequential, step-by-step manner
Parties can be
reconciled without solving the issues
Personal
relationships can be separated from issues

Question 20.20. (TCOs 1, 2)
The Latin term a priori describes the origin of knowledge developed
rationally, and the term a posteriori describes knowledge developed through
observation and experience. What is an example of ethics is best described as
discovered in an a postiori manner? (Points : 5)
Social ethics
Care-based
ethics
Consequentialist ethics
Theological
ethics
Operational
ethics
Page 2

Question 1. 1. (TCOs
1, 2, 3, 7) In support of TCO #7 and in the Week 7 discussions, you developed
and placed into the threaded discussions your personalized ethics statement of
what has become important to you in the practice of ethics as you have
practiced ethics during the course. Your first task in this question is to
briefly present that personalized statement in just a few sentences before
continuing with the question. Much of the rest of the exam will involve your
working with that personalized statement through brief applications and cases.
Use your ethical
philosophy to solve the following ethical situation. Explain how your
philosophy helped you make your decision.

Should citizens have
an ethical obligation to serve their country when it is at war? Under what
circumstances, if any, is it ethical for a person to refuse to serve?

A significant number
of people believe war is always wrong, and that no circumstances justify one
nation’s taking up arms against another.
Is this view ethically sound? How about realistically? Please state which side you agree with, and
why. Explain and defend your position using your ethical position statement.

In answering, be sure
to look at both sides of war: that is, a country defending itself against
aggression and of a strong country coming to the aid of a weaker country that
has been attacked unjustly. Then,
explain how your ethical philosophy affected how you answered this problem.

(Points : 30)

Question 2. 2. (TCOs
1, 2, 7) Analyze the following ethical situation using YOUR ethical philosophy.
Read the situation and then in your answer, explain why this is an ethical
situation, what the “issues” are, and how an “ethical” person
would resolve them. Explain how YOUR
ethical philosophy has helped you read a conclusion about how to resolve or
analyze this situation.
Employees’ worth to
their employers may diminish before they are eligible for retirement. In such cases, the employer is faced with the
dilemma of choosing between retaining an old and trusted yet unproductive
worker for 5 or 10 more years, or firing that worker and jeopardizing his or
her retirement benefits.

1. Should an employer have an ethical obligation
to keep such unproductive, but loyal employees?
What if the employee had been a problem his or her entire career? Are
there certain circumstances where your answer to these questions would be
different?

2. What is the duty of an unproductive employee
to his or her employer? Is there an ethical obligation to retire when
productivity begins to wane? If a person is simply “coasting” for his
or her last few years, is that person “unethical?” Be sure to explain
your answer.

(Points : 30)

Question 3. 3. (TCOs
1, 7, 9) How do you feel John Stuart Mill would have solved the above ethical
situation differently or the same as you did using your philosophy? Please
explain the reasons for the similarities or differences. (Points : 40)

Question 4. 4. (TCOs
1, 2, 4, 9) Regina is chairperson of her city’s United Fund campaign. In her annual preparations meeting with her
staff of canvassers, she gives this advice:
“Hit the business places first. Don’t approach anyone who is
walking alone in a hall or working alone in a closed office. Look for two or more people standing together
or working side by side. Try to make
them compete with each other in generous giving. Capitalize on their desire to show off and
outdo the next person.” She then
states that the canvasser who raises the most money of all will be awarded with
a 5% cut of the total amount that canvasser raises. Her approach pays off and
the United Fund raises the most money ever.
Tell what ethical
philosophy Regina is using, if any.

Now, use your ethical
philosophy to analyze the situation.
Explain how, using your philosophy, you would have solved this situation
either the same way as the character in the situation did, or differently. Why?

(Points : 30)

Question 5. 5. (TCOs
5, 6) You are a new employee in a company which creates computer chips for
cellular telephones. Your previous employer created similar chips for PDA’s,
and 4 weeks after you are hired you are approached by your new boss in a
confidential, private meeting. She explains to you that you were hired because
of your work on the PDA chips. She wants to know how much of the technology you
are aware of from the prior employer which you could apply to your new project
on the phone chip.
As a matter of fact,
the technology is very similar, and you know that you could quickly and easily
apply what you know from the previous project to this one. However, you feel
uneasy about giving out that information from your past job. For one thing,
you’re pretty sure it was secret information, although you don’t know for sure.
However, your last job ended badly as they laid off 20% of the workforce
without warning (including you), simply because the owner of the company
decided to downsize sell off part of the company to pay for his daughter’s $200,000
wedding.

Your boss watches you
as you are thinking through your decision and says, “You know. If this
project goes through successfully, a large raise and promotion will be coming
your way.” Will you tell your new employer
the technology secret? Why or why not? Explain what ethical analysis you used
to come to this conclusion.

(Points : 30)

Question 6. 6. (TCOs
6, 8) Analyze your answer above using the Blanchard and Peale ethical dilemmas
resolution model. Show your steps. (Points : 40)