ACG6175 â Final Examination
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NEW YORK–(BUSINESS WIRE)â01/09/2008
Alcoa (NYSE: AA) today announced it achieved record results
in revenues, income from continuing operations and cash from operations for the
full year 2007. Revenues for 2007 were $30.7 billion, compared to $30.4 billion
in 2006. Annual income from continuing operations rose to $2.6 billion, or
$2.95 per diluted share, for 2007, a 19 percent increase compared to $2.2
billion, or $2.47, in 2006. And, cash from operations for 2007 increased 21
percent to more than $3.1 billion from $2.6 billion in 2006.
âFor the second year in a row, Alcoa has achieved company
all-time records in revenues, income from continuing operations and cash
generation,â said Alain Belda, Alcoa Chairman and CEO. âWe battled
substantially higher material input and energy costs, and currency impacts
while simultaneously continuing to execute on the largest capital investment
program in our history.
âWe have invested in new plants, expanded production at
others, modernized operations, renegotiated long-term power agreements, and
built new energy facilities to extend our energy access at competitive rates,
while also continuing to invest in growth markets such as Brazil, China and
Russia,â Belda said.
“These actions, combined with portfolio and cash flow
management, our share repurchase program, conservative leverage, and our
commitment to sustainability delivered results now, and will continue to
generate quality profitable growth for decades,â added Belda. âIn 2007, Alcoans
delivered yet again. This is what builds a stronger Company for our
stakeholders.â
Fourth quarter income from continuing operations was $624
million, or $0.74. Included in the results are a favorable restructuring
adjustment and a tax benefit totaling $323 million or $0.38 per share, almost
all of which stems from the recent agreement to sell the packaging and consumer
businesses. Income from continuing operations in the 2006 fourth quarter was
$258 million, or $0.29, and $558 million, or $0.64, in the third quarter 2007.
Net income for the fourth quarter 2007 was $632 million, or
$0.75, which includes the restructuring adjustment and the benefit from the
agreement to sell the packaging and consumer business. Net income for the
fourth quarter 2006 was $359 million, or $0.41, and $555 million, or $0.63, in
the 2007 third quarter.
Revenues for the 2007 fourth quarter were $7.4 billion,
compared to $7.8 billion a year ago as a result of lower LME prices and the
exclusion of results from the soft alloy extrusion business which is now part
of a joint venture. The soft alloy extrusion business had revenues of
approximately $560 million in the fourth quarter of 2006.
LME = LONDON METAL EXCHANGE.Prices for aluminum, copper and
nickel, unlike steel, are set by contracts traded on commodity exchanges such
as the London Metal Exchange and the New York Mercantile Exchange.
Cash Generation, ROC, and Growth
Cash from operations in the fourth quarter 2007 was $643
million, bringing full-year cash from operations to more than $3.1 billion,
compared to $2.6 billion in 2006 and helping to keep the Companyâs
debt-to-capital ratio within its targeted range at 30.2 percent.
The Companyâs trailing 12-month return on capital (ROC) was
16.1 percent, excluding investments in growth projects. Including investments
in growth projects, ROC stands at 12.7 percent, well above the cost of capital.
In 2007, the Company completed major growth projects,
including its first greenfield smelter in 20 years in Iceland, a new anode
plant in Mosjoen, Norway, and its third flat-rolled products facility in China
(Kunshan). In addition, major progress was made on several other growth
projects including the Juruti bauxite mine, the expansion of the Bohai rolling
mill in China, and expansion of the Sao Luis alumina refinery.
The Company made significant progress to extend the life of
existing facilities through renegotiating long-term power agreements including
those in Massena, NY and Wenatchee, WA in 2007. The Company also continued
investments in Brazil including the Serra do Facao hydroelectric project to
further increase its self-sufficiency there.
The Company is now operating primary aluminum production at
a run rate of approximately four million metric tons per year.
The Company made major progress in 2007 on its portfolio
management plan. During the year, the Company reached agreement to sell its
packaging and consumer businesses; divested the automotive castings business;
monetized its stake in Chalco to enable redeployment of capital into other
value-adding options, including projects in China; and formed a joint venture
with Sapa for its soft alloy extrusion business.
In 2007, Alcoa also increased its share repurchase program
from 10 percent to 25 percent of outstanding shares and increased its dividend
by 13 percent during the year. Through the end of the fourth quarter the
Company has repurchased 68 million shares, or approximately eight percent of
shares outstanding, as part of its share repurchase program, leaving
approximately 150 million shares, or 18 percent of shares outstanding,
remaining within the authorization.
Segment and Other Results
NOTE:All comparisons are on a sequential quarter basis,
unless noted. ATOI = âAFTER TAX OPERATING INCOME.âATOI is similar to Net
Operating Profit After Tax, or NOPAT.
Alumina âAfter-tax operating income (ATOI) was $205 million,
a decrease of $10 million, or five percent, from the prior quarter. System
production increased by a net of 80 kmt as Suralco, San Ciprian and Pinjarra
set quarterly production records and Jamalco continued its recovery from
Hurricane Dean. However, higher freight and energy costs and unfavorable
currency offset production gains.
Primary Metals –ATOI was $196 million, down $87 million, or
31 percent, compared to the prior quarter. The majority of the decrease
resulted from lower LME prices and unfavorable currency. These items were
partially offset by the recovery at the Rockdale and Tennessee smelters and a
three percent production increase. The company purchased approximately 55 kmt
of primary metal for internal use.
Flat-Rolled Products âATOI was a loss of $16 million for the
quarter, down $77 million from the prior quarter. Weak performance in Russia
and China accounted for 50 percent of the ATOI decline in the quarter. For
Russia specifically, the increased loss was due to higher operational and
energy costs and unfavorable currency. The remaining decline in the segmentâs
ATOI is mostly due to general market weakness in the U.S. and Europe
flat-rolled businesses, weaker product mix, and de-stocking by aerospace
customers. Finally, results for the Australian flat-rolled business declined
following restructuring last quarter that is designed to reduce headcount and
simplify product mix. In addition, the weakening U.S. dollar has had a negative
impact in this business.
Extruded and End Products âATOI was $16 million, up $3
million, or 23 percent, from the prior quarter. Market and operating conditions
were comparable to the prior quarter with margin improvements accounting for
the increase.
Engineered Solutions âATOI was $58 million or essentially
flat to the prior quarter ATOI of $60 million. Improvements from the wire harness
business restructuring offset the weaker market conditions in forgings and
investment castings. On a year over year basis, the Fastening Systems and Power
& Propulsion (Howmet) businesses had outstanding years with ATOI up 36
percent and 47 percent, respectively.
Packaging & Consumer — ATOI was $56 million, up $20
million, or 56 percent, from the prior quarter. The normal seasonal decrease in
the closures business was offset by seasonal improvements in the consumer
products business. With the pending sale, depreciation was ceased in the
segment leading to a positive impact of approximately $20 million.
Recent Earnings Forecasts:
Qtr.4 2007 Qtr.3 2007 Qtr.2 2007 Qtr.1 2007
Estimate 0.33 0.65 0.81 0.76
Actual 0.36 0.64 0.81 0.79
Alcoa and subsidiaries
Statement of Consolidated Income (unaudited), continued
(in millions, except per-share, share, and metric ton
amounts)
Year ended
December 31,
2006
2007
Sales
$
30,379
$
30,748
Cost of goods sold (exclusive of expenses below)
23,318
24,248
Selling, general administrative, and other expenses
1,402
1,472
Research and development expenses
213
249
Provision for depreciation, depletion, and amortization
1,280
1,268
Goodwill impairment charge
â
133
Restructuring and other charges
543
399
Interest expense
384
401
Other income, net
(193)
(1,913)
Total costs and expenses
26,947
26,257
Income from continuing operations before taxes on income
3,432
4,491
Provision for taxes on income
835
1,555
Income from continuing operations before minority interestsâ
share
2,597
2,936
Less: Minority interestsâ share
436
365
Income from continuing operations
2,161
2,571
Income (loss) from discontinued operations
87
(7)
NET INCOME
$
2,248
$
2,564
Earnings (loss) per common share:
Basic:
Income from continuing operations
$
2.49
$
2.98
Income (loss) from discontinued operations
.10
â
Net income
$
2.59
$
2.98
2006
2007
Average number of shares used to compute:
Basic earnings per common share
868,819,955
860,771,021
Common stock outstanding at the end of the period
867,739,544
827,401,800
Shipments of aluminum products (metric tons)
5,545,000
5,393,000
Alcoa and subsidiaries Consolidated Balance Sheet (a =
unaudited) – in millions
December 31, 2006 (a)
December 31, 2007
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents
$
506
$
483
Receivables from customers, less allowances of $68 in 2006
and $72 in 2007
2,788
2,602
Other receivables
301
451
Inventories
3,380
3,326
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
1,378
1,224
Total current assets
8,353
8,086
Properties, plants, and equipment
27,689
31,601
Less: accumulated depreciation, depletion, and amortization
13,682
14,722
Properties, plants, and equipment, net
14,007
16,879
Goodwill
4,885
4,806
Investments
1,718
2,038
Other assets
3,939
4,046
Assets held for sale
4,281
2,948
Total assets
$
37,183
$
38,803
LIABILITIES
Current liabilities:
Short-term borrowings
$
462
$
569
Commercial paper
340
856
Accounts payable, trade
2,407
2,787
Accrued compensation and retirement costs
949
943
Taxes, including taxes on income
851
644
Other current liabilities
1,360
1,165
Long-term debt due within one year
510
202
Total current liabilities
6,879
7,166
Commercial paper
1,132
â
Long-term debt, less amount due within one year
4,777
6,371
Accrued pension benefits
1,540
1,098
Accrued postretirement benefits
2,956
2,753
Other noncurrent liabilities and deferred credits
2,002
1,943
Deferred income taxes
762
545
Liabilities of operations held for sale
704
451
Total liabilities
20,752
20,327
MINORITY INTERESTS
1,800
2,460
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Preferred stock
55
55
Common stock
925
925
Additional capital
5,817
5,774
Retained earnings
11,066
13,039
Treasury stock, at cost
(1,999)
(3,440)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(1,233)
(337)
Total shareholders’ equity
14,631
16,016
Total liabilities and equity
$
37,183
$
38,803
(a) The Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2006
has been reclassified to reflect the movement of the automotive castings and
packaging and consumer businesses to held for sale in the third quarter of
2007.
Alcoa and subsidiaries – Segment Information (unaudited) –
dollars in millions, except realized prices; production and shipments in
thousands of metric tons [kmt])
4Q06
2006
1Q07
2Q07
3Q07
4Q07
2007
Alumina:
Production (kmt)
3,790
15,128
3,655
3,799
3,775
3,855
15,084
Third-party alumina shipments (kmt)
2,084
8,420
1,877
1,990
1,937
2,030
7,834
Third-party sales
$
711
$
2,785
$
645
$
712
$
664
$
688
$
2,709
Intersegment sales
$
550
$
2,144
$
579
$
587
$
631
$
651
$
2,448
Equity income (loss)
$
1
$
(2 )
$
1
$
â
$
(1 )
$
1
$
1
Depreciation, depletion, and amortization
$
56
$
192
$
56
$
62
$
76
$
73
$
267
Income taxes
$
115
$
428
$
100
$
102
$
89
$
49
$
340
After-tax operating income (ATOI)
$
259
$
1,050
$
260
$
276
$
215
$
205
$
956
Primary Metals:
Aluminum (kmt)
908
3,552
899
901
934
959
3,693
Third-party aluminum shipments (kmt)
556
2,087
518
565
584
624
2,291
Average realized price per kmt of aluminum
$
2,766
$
2,665
$
2,902
$
2,879
$
2,734
$
2,646
$
2,784
4Q06
2006
1Q07
2Q07
3Q07
4Q07
2007
Third-party sales
$
1,698
$
6,171
$
1,633
$
1,746
$
1,600
$
1,597
$
6,576
Intersegment sales
$
1,524
$
6,208
$
1,477
$
1,283
$
1,171
$
1,063
$
4,994
Equity income
$
18
$
82
$
22
$
18
$
11
$
6
$
57
Depreciation, depletion, and amortization
$
97
$
395
$
95
$
102
$
102
$
111
$
410
Income taxes
$
180
$
726
$
214
$
196
$
80
$
52
$
542
ATOI
$
480
$
1,760
$
504
$
462
$
283
$
196
$
1,445
Flat-Rolled Products:
Third-party aluminum shipments (kmt)
564
2,273
568
583
602
574
2,327
Third-party sales
$
2,127
$
8,297
$
2,275
$
2,344
$
2,309
$
2,243
$
9,171
Intersegment sales
$
66
$
246
$
60
$
63
$
59
$
59
$
241
Equity loss
$
(1)
$
(2 )
$
â
$
â
$
â
$
â
$
â
Depreciation, depletion, and amortization
$
55
$
219
$
55
$
55
$
58
$
55
$
223
Income taxes
$
(2)
$
68
$
26
$
33
$
31
$
5
$
95
ATOI
$
62
$
255
$
62
$
93
$
61
$
(16 )
$
200
Extruded and End Products:
Third-party aluminum shipments (kmt)
203
877
213
146
78
69
506
Third-party sales
$
1,070
$
4,419
$
1,175
$
965
$
563
$
543
$
3,246
Intersegment sales
$
25
$
99
$
42
$
26
$
13
$
7
$
88
Equity income (loss)
$
â
$
â
$
â
$
9
$
(2
)
$
7
$
14
Depreciation, depletion, and amortization
$
31
$
118
$
9
$
10
$
11
$
9
$
39
Income taxes
$
2
$
18
$
11
$
29
$
5
$
9
$
54
ATOI
$
27
$
60
$
34
$
46
$
13
$
16
$
109
4Q06
2006
1Q07
2Q07
3Q07
4Q07
2007
Engineered Solutions:
Third-party aluminum shipments (kmt)
30
139
31
30
27
24
112
Third-party sales
$
1,346
$
5,456
$
1,449
$
1,478
$
1,407
$
1,391
$
5,725
Equity loss
$
(5 )
$
(4 )
$
â
$
â
$
â
$
â
$
â
Dep, depl, & amort
$
44
$
169
$
41
$
42
$
46
$
43
$
172
Income taxes
$
(15)
$
101
$
44
$
47
$
38
$
11
$
140
ATOI
$
73
$
331
$
93
$
105
$
60
$
58
$
316
Packaging and Consumer:
Third-party aluminum shipments (kmt)
46
169
35
40
37
45
157
Third-party sales
$
837
$
3,235
$
736
$
837
$
828
$
887
$
3,288
Equity income
$
1
$
1
$
â
$
â
$
â
$
â
$
â
Dep, depl, & amort
$
32
$
124
$
30
$
30
$
29
$
â
$
89
Income taxes
$
11
$
33
$
7
$
17
$
17
$
27
$
68
ATOI
$
26
$
95
$
19
$
37
$
36
$
56
$
148
Reconciliation of ATOI to consolidated net income:
4Q06
2006
1Q07
2Q07
3Q07
4Q07
2007
Total segment ATOI
$
927
$
3,551
$
972
$
1,019
$
668
$
515
$
3,174
Unallocated amounts (net of tax):
Impact of LIFO
(66 )
(170
)
(27)
(16)
10
9
(24)
Interest income
14
58
11
9
10
10
40
Interest expense
(61 )
(250
)
(54)
(56)
(98)
(53)
(261)
Minority interests
(98 )
(436
)
(115
)
(110)
(76)
(64)
(365)
Corporate expense
(82 )
(317
)
(86)
(101)
(101
)
(100
)
(388)
Restructuring and other charges
(386
)
(379
)
(18)
21
(311
)
1
(307)
Discontinued operations
101
87
(11)
(1)
(3)
8
(7)
Other
10
104
(10)
(50)
456
306
702
Consolidated net income
$
359
$
2,248
$
662
$
715
$
555
$
632
$
2,564
The difference between certain segment financial information
totals and consolidated financial information is in Corporate.
QUESTIONS:
1.) Decompose Alcoaâs ROE for 2006 and 2007. In what
direction do you see the companyâs performance moving? What other information
would you like to see (be specific)?
2.) Alcoa’s net income for the 3rd quarter of 2007 increased
86% over 3rd quarter results from 2006. Why then did the stock price drop 6%
after the company announced those earnings?
3.) Based on the data presented, what operating segments
comprise
Alcoa’s business? Based on the reconciliation of ATOI to Net
Income, what can you say about the quality of Alcoaâs income? Be specific in
your answer.
4.) How would you classify (from an economic perspective)
the products sold by Alcoa? What external factors limit Alcoaâs flexibility in
pricing those products? Which segments of Alcoa’s operations do you think are
most directly impacted by this pricing limitation?
5.) Given the pricing limitations on their products, on what
basis does Alcoa
compete? Why might that make it difficult to compete with
rising entities in
diverse global locations, such as United Company Rusal, that
that has access to low-cost hydropower in Russia?
REQUIRED:
Compose your answers in Standard English.
Answer all parts of each question separately.
Label each of your responses accordingly.
Provide and label the elements of any supporting
calculations.
BE SPECIFIC!
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