DeVry PSY 110 Chapter 2 PostTest (2014)

1)The ______ lobes are responsible for higher mental processes such as decision making. frontal parietal temporal reticular 2)Dorothy has spinocerebellar degeneration, a condition that is likely to cause her to have difficulty with: reading and writing. calculating and reasoning. walking, speaking, and/or standing. hearing and seeing. 3)Why is the cortex so wrinkled? The wrinkles allow for better blood circulation. The wrinkles allow it to fit inside the skull. Its various parts need to overlap with each other. Its peculiar shape is vital to its function. 4)Which of the following is TRUE about deep lesioning? It takes an X-ray of the brain. It is routinely done on humans. It is only done on animals. It is the best way to study the human brain. 5)A functional MRI (fMRI) and a PET scan both: provide a way to measure the functioning and activity of the brain. provide detailed computerized interpretations of brain dysfunctions. produce black and white scans of the brain’s structures. create selective injuries that allow researchers to study brain function. 6)Which of the following diagnostic tools involve injecting a person with radioactive glucose to map brain function? MRI PET scan CT scan EEG 7)Which endocrine gland is located in the neck and regulates metabolism? pituitary gland thyroid gland gonad pineal gland 8)What is the primary role of the adrenal glands? regulating metabolism secreting hormones producing insulin regulating sexual behavior 9)________ provides energy for the brain during stress. Thyroxin Serotonin Melatonin Cortisol 10)The adrenal glands are located right on top of: each lung. the pancreas. each kidney. the liver. 11)The brain is primarily comprised of two different kinds of cells. They are neurons and: myelin. synapses. somas. glial cells. 12)When a neuron is at rest, the ions inside the cell are mostly _______ and the ions outside the cell are mostly _______. positively charged; negatively charged negatively charged; positively charged small; large dead; alive 13)Neurons fire: stronger when there is a strong stimulus. partially when there is a strong stimulus. either full strength or not at all. partially when there is a weak stimulus. 14)In the disease _______, the myelin sheath is destroyed. epilepsy multiple sclerosis depression schizophrenia 15)A branch of the life sciences that deals with the structure and functioning of the nervous system is called ________. neuroscience biopsychology bioscience psychology 16)Special types of glial cells generate a protective fatty substance called: axons. dendrites. myelin. cholesterol. 17)The sac-like structures that are found at the end of a neuron’s axon and that contain neurotransmitters are called: dendrites. synaptic vesicles. axon terminals. synaptic knobs. 18)What is a biological reason for why heroin is addictive? The bodies of heroin users do not produce endorphins, so withdrawal is very painful. Neurotransmitters are damaged and continue sending stimulating messages to cells. It produces an excess of dopamine in the brain. Heroin bonds with serotonin, producing mental confusion in users. 19)When people are walking, raising their hands in class, or smelling a flower, they are using the: somatic nervous system. autonomic nervous system. central nervous system. skeletal nervous system. 20)If the pancreas secretes too much insulin, it results in a condition known as: premature baldness. dyspepsia. hypoglycemia. diabetes. 21)Mr. Phillips is having a test to see if he is suffering from seizures. Electrodes are attached to his scalp to measure the electrical activity of the brain. Mr. Phillips is having a(n): EEG. PET scan. CT scan. MRI. 24)Unlike other glands, such as salivary or sweat glands, endocrine glands: do not have any effect on metabolism. secrete hormones onto the body’s tissues through ducts. do not have any effect on the body’s growth. secrete chemicals directly into the bloodstream. 26)The spinal cord’s outer section is made up of _______ and the inner section is made up of _______. bone; synaptic vesicles somatic cells; dendrites bone; axons and nerves myelinated axons and nerves; the cell bodies of neurons 27)The part of the autonomic nervous system known as the “eat-drink-and-rest” system is the: sympathetic division. parasympathetic division. motor pathway. sensory pathway. 28)Neuroplasticity is: the most advanced form of brain surgery. the process by which neurotransmitters are taken back into the synaptic vesicules. the brain’s ability to change both the structure and function of many cells in response to experience and trauma. the research and study of stem cells. 29)The neurons that carry messages from the central nervous system to the muscles of the body are the: afferent neurons. efferent neurons. interneurons. sensory neurons. 30)The job of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is to: stabilize emotions such as happiness and sadness. provide feelings such as empathy and sympathy. control voluntary muscles. get the body ready to deal with stress.