Human Biology 106 only Q

.gif” alt=”Text box: 1″>EXAM 4 Fall 2010 FORMA
1. Which form of the exam do you have?
A. Form A
B. Form B
2. The HIV virus that causes AIDS
specifically attacks and kills helper T cells. This weakens theimmune system because helper T cells:
A.
directly destroy cells infected with HIV
B.
roam the body looking for
“invaders”
C.
turn on (activates) the antibody mediated
and the cell-mediated defense systems in thebody.
D.
produce antibodies
E.
turn off the immune response
3. Choose the INCORRECT statement.
A.
The antibody-mediated immune response is di
rected at antigens that are outside ofcells, free in
body fluids.
B.The cell-mediated immune response plays a role in the rejection of organ
transplants
C.A macrophage presents the antigen to the appropriate helper T cell.
D.Antibodies are effective against viruses that have inserted their
genetic material intothe host cell chromosome.
E.
Suppressor T cells shut down the immune response
after the “invader” (antigen) hasbeen
eliminated from the body.
4. Which part
of a vi rus comes f rom a previous host cell? The:
A.
genetic information
B. the
protein coat (capsid)
C.
the envelope
D.none of the above
5. Indicate the choice that contai ns onlyCORRECTstatements.Statements:
1.
Antibodies are specific to one particular
antigen.
2.
Antibodies are held within the cel I that
produces them.
3.
Antibodies may inactivate (neutralize) a toxi
n produced by a bacterium.
4.
Antibodies are produced by macrophages.
5.
Antibodies can only be effective against
antigens that are free in the bloodstream (notwithin cells).
Choices:
A.1, 2, 3
B.2, 3, 4
C.3, 4, 5
D.1, 3, 5
E.1, 3, 4

.gif” alt=”Text box: 2″>6. The immune system helps protect us against cancer because___________attack and kill
cancerous
cells that develop.
A.
helper T cells
B.B cells
C.
cytotoxic T cells
D.all of the above
7. How do
viruses gain entry to a host cell?
A.
by binding to a receptor site on the host
cell
B.
by binding to an antibody site on the host
cells
C.
by dissolving a piece of the host cell
membrane
D.
all of the
above
8. Choose the
INCORRECT STATEMENTabout cervical cancer:
A.
The human papi I I oma virus (H PV) is
thought to be an important cause of cervicalcancer
B.
A woman’s risk of getting cervical cancer generally
increases with the number of(male) sexual partners she has had.
C.
A woman’s risk of getting cervical cancer is lowered
if she and her partner(s)consistently use a barrier means of
contraception, such as a condom or diaphragm.
D.
It can increase a woman’s risk of having an ectopicpregnancy.
E.
It can be detected with a Pap test.
9. Your
brother confides in you that he has painful, fluid-filled blister-like sores on
his penis. Which of the fol I owi ng is most likely to be the cause?
A.
syphilis
B.
gonorrhea
C.
chl amydi a
D.
genital warts
E.
genital herpes
10. Jennifer is a 28 year-old woman who is having difficulty getting
pregnant. After many testsit is determined that the reason for this
problem is that she has scar tissue blocking her oviducts(fallopian tubes). The STD that ismost likelyto have caused this is.
A.
syphilis
B.
gonorrhea
C.
chl amydi a
D.
genital herpes
E.
genital warts

.gif” alt=”Text box: 3″>11.Which of the
following directly activates both the cell-mediated immune response and theantibody-mediated immune
response?
A.
memory B cells
B.
helper T cells
C.
plasma cells
D.
cytotoxic T cells
E.
suppressor T cells
12. An antigen is a:
A.
cell that produces antibodies
B.
receptor on the surface of a lymphocyte that recognizes invaders
C.
memory cell that causes a quick response to an
invader when it is encountered asecond time
D.
a large molecule on the surface of an invader that
triggers an immune response
E. none of the above
13. Your friend Joe has
been dating Claudia and they have been sexually active for three months.Joe had never been
sexually active before he met Claudia. Joe confides in you that he has noticed
a wart forming on his penis. He has asked Claudia whether she has genital
warts. She said, “No.I’ve definitely never seen anything remotely
resembling a wart on my body.” He asks you where they could have come
from. You correctly respond.
A.
You probably got warts from using the dirty urinal
in the men’s room of the gas stationwhere you work.
B.
The organism that causes warts is so common that
you could have gotten it anywhere.
C.
Claudia is obviously lying. She would have seen a wart.
D.
In women warts often form within the vagina or on
the cervix, and so Claudia may notrealize that she has
genital warts.
E.
none of the above
14. How does the virus
make new genetic information and proteins?
A.
It combines with the host
cell DNA.
B.
It never does reproduce; it only grows larger.
C.
It uses the host cell
structures.
D.
Once inside the host cell it is able to reproduce
sexually.
15. Your immune system
does not usually attack cells belonging in your body because:
A.
suppressor T cells prevent the attack
B.
the antigens on your body cells block the attack
C.
antibodies paralyze helper T cells
D.
memory cells identify and protect body cells
E.
your own body cells have molecules on their surfaces
that identify them as belongingin the body

.gif” alt=”Text box: 4″>16. In which choice are all the STDs usually curable with an
antibiotic?
A.
herpes, chl amydi a, gonorrhea
B.
chlamydi a, syphilis, genital warts
C.
ch I amydi a, herpes, syphi I is
D.
genital warts, gonorrhea, syphilis
E.
chlamydi a, gonorrhea, syphi I i s
17. Below you
will find a series of steps in the triggering of the immune response. Indicate
the choice that places the steps i n the CORRECT order.
Steps:
a a virgin
(cytotoxic) T cell is activated
b.
a macrophage encounters an “invader”
(something that is not recognized as belongingin the body)
c. a helper T cell is activated
d.a suppressor T cell becomes active
e. a cytotoxic T cell destroys the invading cell
Choices:
A.
a, b, c, d, e
B.
b, c, a, e, d
C.
d, b, a,C,e
D.
b, a, c, d, e
E.
c, a, c, e, d
18. Choose theINCORRECTstatement:
A.
If the bacteria that cause chl amydi a are
transferred to the eyes, it can cause blindness.
B.
Gonorrhea, chlamydi a, and syphilis can be
cured with antibiotics.
C.
Most women with chl amydi a have no
symptoms.
D.
A man with gonorrhea must ejaculate in
order to spread the infectious organism to apartner.
E.
HPV,which causes
genital warts, can spread over the entire anal genital area.
19. Which of
the fol I owi ng STDs is INCORRECTLY paired with a means of diagnosis that canbe usedat some point in the progression of the
disease?
A.
syphilis — blood test
B.
gonorrhea — blood test
C.
chl amydi a — urine test
D.
chlamydia — smear of cel Is from infected
area
E.
herpes — blood test

.gif” alt=”Text box: 5″>20. Your cousin Masoud needs a kidney transplant. The doctors explain
that if the tissue type ofthe donor kidney doesn’t match Masoud’s tissue
type, that the_________________________of the
immune system would attack and kill the donor
kidney, causing the organ to be rejected.
A.
B cells
B.
plasma cells
C.
antibodies
D.
effector cytotoxic T cells
E.
helper T cells
21.Therefore, to reduce the
possibility of organ rejection, the doctors test all of Masoud’s closerelatives to see whether they would be suitable donors. The doctors are
looking for a relative:
A.
whose tissues have similar “self’ markers (MHC
markers) to those on Masoud’s cells.
B. who lacks antibodies to Masoud’s tissues
C. who has suppressor T cel Is that will suppress the immune response
against the donorkidney
D. lacks macrophages
E.
all of the above
22. Choose theINCORRECTstatement:
A.
Genital warts can take months to appear.
B.
The same virus that causes cold sores can
be transmitted to the genital area of anotherperson
through oral sex.
C.
Herpescan only be spread when there are symptoms.
23. Damage to nerve tissue such as the optic nerve and brain occur
during which stage ofsyphilis?
A.
first
B.
second
C.
third
D.
it never occurs in syphilis
24. Choose theINCORRECTstatement.
A.
A virus infects only a particular type of
host cell. This specificity occurs because thevirus genetic
material must be compatible with the host cell genetic material for the vi ral
geneticmaterial to be inserted into the host cell
chromosome.
B.
Viruses can be shed without causing disease
symptoms.
C.
Many virusescan enter a latent stage
during which they don’t cause diseasesymptoms.
During the latent stage the viral genetic material has been inserted into the
host cellchromosome.
D.
Some vi ruses
cause cancer.

25. Choose the
INCORRECT statement:
A.
Chlamydia can lead to sterility in either
sex.
B.
HPVcan cause
pelvic inflammatory disease.
C.
Cold sores are caused by a herpes virus.
D.
The bacterium that causes syphilis can
cross the placenta and infect a fetusgrowing inthe uterus if
the mother has syphilis
26. Which
statement about genital warts is INCORRECT?
A.
The warts grow faster i n a woman who is
using a contraceptive containingprogesterone.
B.
You are not contagious until the warts appear
C.
The warts may take weeks to months to appear
D.
The warts are extremely contagious
E.
The warts are caused by a virus
27.What is the
purpose of the antigen that is displayed on the surface of a macrophage?
A.
It indicates that the “invader” has been
captured and the immune response can be shutdown.
B.
It secretes
antibodies.
C.
It fits in a receptor on the “invader”
and neutralizes it (prevents it from making yousick).
D. It identifies the target that the immune response should be directed
against.
E.
It causes the target to burst.
28. When bacteria infect an animal, the
number of bacteria in the body increases gradual I y. Agraph of the growth of a bacterial population is a smoothly increasing
curve as shown in graph 1.A viral infection shows a different pattern.
For awhile there is no evidence of infection, and thenthere is a sudden increase in the number of vi ruses. The number stays
constant for a time; thenthere is another sudden i ncrease. The curve
of vi ral population growth looks I i ke a series of
steps, as shown in graph b. Which of the
following correctly explains the difference in thepatterns of growth of bacteria and vi ruses?

.gif” alt=”Text box: 21- of bacteria —4-
number of viruses

“>

.gif”>(a)’LYE: —
Rantoria

(b)Time_
Iil
Virus

A.
.gif” alt=”Text box: 6″>.gif”>.gif”>.gif”>Viruses need to rest between division cycles,
but bacteria do not need rest.
B.
Bacteria divide continuously with each cell
producing two new cells. Viruses replicatewithin a cell
and hundreds or thousands can be released at once.
C.
The food supply to fuel division for
bacteria is always available. The food supply forvi ruses is onl y avai I abl e duri ng I i mited times, and these are
the ti mes when vi ruses replicate.
D.
None of the
above.

.gif” alt=”Text box: 7″>29. When you move into the dorms, you learn that there is a girl on the
floor who has a herpes infection in her throat. Others on the floor are afraid
that they might catch herpes from using thetoilet seat if
she has used it before them. You correctly explain:
A.
You might, but it would be oral herpes (a
fever blister), like she has, and 80% ofAmericans have
that.
B.You might. You better watch to see if she was in there before you.
C.Even if you do get it,
you’ll have obvious symptoms, and it is easily cured with anantibiotic.
D.The only way that could happen is if she licked the toilet seat when
she was sheddingviruses, placing viruses on the toilet seat.
Of course, you would also have to sit on the seatimmediately afterward
30.The reason
that you usually only get chickenpox once i s that:
A.
Antibodies remain forever and immediately
neutral ize the chickenpox virus if youare ever
exposed to it again.
B.
Suppressor T cells form that immediately
suppress the infection if you are everexposed to
the vi rus again
C.
Chickenpox antigens are only effective once.
D.
Macrophages can no longer recognize the
chickenpox virus as an invader.
E.
Memory B cells and memory T cells formed
that mount an immune response veryquickly if
you are ever exposed to the virus again.
I SINCERELY HOPE THAT SOMETHING YOU LEARNED IN THIS CLASS WILL HELPYOU TO LEAD A HAPPIER, HEALTHIER LIFE.