psy355 SPSS Homework 4

SPSS Homework 4 Instructions
Two-Way
ANOVA

Part One:

Note: For the two-way
ANOVA, you will be expected to create a line graph as covered in the SPSS
tutorial in the Course Content (and not a boxplot as in the textbook). This
applies to future cumulative questions as well.

Green & Salkind:
Lesson 26, Exercises 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8

The following helpful tips are numbered to correspond with
the exercise number to which they refer (a dash indicates that no tips are
needed):

1.
Instead of identifying these values on your output, as
the text states, please write them into your Word file as written answers for #1 a, b, c, and d. (2 pts for output; a-d = 2
pts each)
a. 3×3 Anova was conducted to investigate the effects of reinformecment
schedules and arithmetic problem solving performance of second grade students
the F value of the main effect was shown as 25.034 the total GPA mean was b.
.196 with the c. effect size of ________ and d. the p value for the reinforce type main effect is .000

Tests of Between-Subjects Effects

Dependent
Variable: Scores on an arithmetic
problem-solving test

Source

Type III Sum of Squares

df

Mean Square

F

Sig.

Partial Eta Squared

Corrected Model

1927.455a

5

385.491

19.662

.000

.621

Intercept

56204.182

1

56204.182

2866.674

.000

.979

schedule

490.909

1

490.909

25.039

.000

.294

reinfor

1249.182

2

624.591

31.857

.000

.515

schedule * reinfor

187.364

2

93.682

4.778

.012

.137

Error

1176.364

60

19.606

Total

59308.000

66

Corrected Total

3103.818

65

a. R Squared = .621 (Adjusted R
Squared = .589)

4.
Produce a line
graph instead of a boxplot for this problem. Follow directions in course
SPSS tutorial for setting up a line graph. (2 pts)
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.jpg”>

5.
Conduct a two way ANOVA to evaluat difference among the
groups, according to gender and disability status of the child, in the amount
of time fathers spent playing with their children (2 pts)

Between-Subjects Factors

Value Label

N

Disability status of the child

1

Typically Developing

20

2

Physical Disability

20

3

Mental Retardation

20

Gender of Child

1

Male

29

2

Female

31

Descriptive Statistics

Dependent
Variable: play

Disability status of the child

Gender of Child

Mean

Std. Deviation

N

Typically Developing

Male

7.30

1.829

10

Female

6.80

2.201

10

Total

7.05

1.986

20

Physical Disability

Male

3.00

1.563

10

Female

3.40

1.897

10

Total

3.20

1.704

20

Mental Retardation

Male

3.22

1.716

9

Female

4.00

1.612

11

Total

3.65

1.663

20

Total

Male

4.55

2.613

29

Female

4.71

2.369

31

Total

4.63

2.470

60

Levene’s Test of Equality of Error Variancesa

Dependent
Variable: play

F

df1

df2

Sig.

.427

5

54

.828

Tests the null hypothesis that the
error variance of the dependent variable is equal across groups.

a. Design: Intercept + disable +
gender + disable * gender

Tests of Between-Subjects Effects

Dependent
Variable: play

Source

Type III Sum of Squares

df

Mean Square

F

Sig.

Partial Eta Squared

Corrected Model

182.278a

5

36.456

11.081

.000

.506

Intercept

1276.571

1

1276.571

388.025

.000

.878

disable

178.579

2

89.289

27.140

.000

.501

gender

.763

1

.763

.232

.632

.004

disable * gender

4.294

2

2.147

.653

.525

.024

Error

177.656

54

3.290

Total

1648.000

60

Corrected Total

359.933

59

a. R Squared = .506 (Adjusted R
Squared = .461)

Estimates

Dependent
Variable: play

Disability status of the child

Mean

Std. Error

95% Confidence Interval

Lower Bound

Upper Bound

Typically Developing

7.050

.406

6.237

7.863

Physical Disability

3.200

.406

2.387

4.013

Mental Retardation

3.611

.408

2.794

4.428

Pairwise Comparisons

Dependent
Variable: play

(I) Disability status of the child

(J) Disability status of the child

Mean Difference (I-J)

Std. Error

Sig.b

95% Confidence Interval for Differenceb

Lower Bound

Upper Bound

Typically Developing

Physical Disability

3.850*

.574

.000

2.700

5.000

Mental Retardation

3.439*

.575

.000

2.286

4.592

Physical Disability

Typically Developing

-3.850*

.574

.000

-5.000

-2.700

Mental Retardation

-.411

.575

.478

-1.564

.742

Mental Retardation

Typically Developing

-3.439*

.575

.000

-4.592

-2.286

Physical Disability

.411

.575

.478

-.742

1.564

Based on estimated marginal means

*. The mean difference is significant
at the .05 level.

b. Adjustment for multiple
comparisons: Least Significant Difference (equivalent to no adjustments).

6.
I would use a three way comparison I would say by
looking at the graph and data the data shows some significance and in order to
maintain the intergrity of the study and data a three way comparison would be
used.(2 pts)
7.
All homework “Results sections” should follow the
example given in the Course Content document “Writing Results of Statistical
Tests in APA Format” (note: you do not have to refer to a figure). (2 pts)

Tests of Between-Subjects Effects

Dependent
Variable: play

Source

Type III Sum of Squares

df

Mean Square

F

Sig.

Partial Eta Squared

Corrected Model

182.278a

5

36.456

11.081

.000

.506

Intercept

1276.571

1

1276.571

388.025

.000

.878

disable

178.579

2

89.289

27.140

.000

.501

gender

.763

1

.763

.232

.632

.004

disable * gender

4.294

2

2.147

.653

.525

.024

Error

177.656

54

3.290

Total

1648.000

60

Corrected Total

359.933

59

a. R Squared = .506 (Adjusted R
Squared = .461)

A 3×3 Anova was conducted to determine the
effects of three disability conditions (mental retardation, typical
development, and physical disability) and two genders. F
(1,54) = 27.140, p<.001 = .0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.gif" alt="Description: http://upload.wikimedia.org/math/1/6/b/16b3a81e2691e5f5e68b602a17592b40.png">= .50

8.
Produce a line
graph instead of a boxplot for this problem. Follow directions in course
SPSS tutorial for setting up a line graph. (2 pts)

.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image005.jpg”>

Part Two:

1.
A health psychologist is interested in the effects of
exercise on stress in people who regularly exercise. Specifically, she is
interested in the type of exercise as well as the time of day that the
individual exercises. She recruits participants from a local health club who
regularly participate in one of three types of exercise: swimming, aerobics, and tennis. She further
divides these participants by whether they exercise in the morning or the
evening. She then administers a questionnaire to each individual assessing
their self-reported stress level. (HIGHER SCORE = HIGHER STRESS). Conduct a two-way ANOVA to analyze these data.
Use Tukey’s test in order to conduct any necessary post hoc analyses if there
are significant main effects. You do not have to follow up on significant
interactions at this time.

The steps will be the same as the
ones you have been practicing in Part One of the assignment—the only difference
is that you are now responsible for creating the data file as well. Remember to
name and define your variables under the “Variable View,” then return to the
“Data View” to enter the data. (2 pts for output, – 1 pt if no post hoc)

Morning

Swimming

Aerobics

Tennis

10
16
12
16
9

19
21
16
18

17
21
18
14

Evening

14
13
8
12
12

17
12
14
9
10

12
15
19
14

2.
Write an APA-style results section describing the
outcome. All homework “Results sections” should follow the example given in the
Course Content document “Writing Results of Statistical Tests in APA Format”
(note: you do not have to refer to a figure). For the two-way ANOVA, be sure to
include statistical statements concerning the F ratios and p values for both
main effects and the interaction, and interpretation statements about all 3 of
these effects. (2 pts)

3.
Is there a significant interaction effect? (2 pts)

4.
Based on your results, is there one type of exercise
that seems more effective in reducing stress than the others? Remember that
higher scores = higher stress. (2 pts)

This assignment is due by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Monday of
Module/Week 4.

Part Three: Cumulative Homework

1. An investigator in child development research
is studying the development of object permanence – the understanding that an
object still exists even if its out of sight. She tests three groups of infants
– ten who are 9 months old, 8 who are 12 months old, and 10 who are 15 months
old. She presents each of the infants with 10 trials. On each trial, a toy is
first shown to the child and then covered with a piece of cloth. The infant
demonstrates object permanence if he or she looks for the object when it’s covered.
Each infant is given a score for the number of trials (out of 10) on which he or
she shows object permanence. Is there a significant difference between the
groups on demonstrations of object permanence? Choose the correct test to
analyze this question, set up the SPSS file, and run the analysis. Follow the
directions under the table below.

9 Months

8, 3, 4, 6, 5, 4, 9, 2, 0, 1

12 Months

10, 5, 6, 7, 6, 5, 10, 3

15 Months

10, 8, 9, 9, 8, 7, 9, 6, 6, 8

a)
Paste appropriate SPSS output. (2 pts)
b)
Paste appropriate SPSS graph. (2 pts)
c)
Write an APA-style results section describing the
outcome. All homework “Results sections” should follow the example given in the
Course Content document “Writing Results of Statistical Tests in APA Format”
(note: you do not have to refer to a figure). (2 pts)

2.
A researcher wanted to investigate whether there was a
difference in satisfaction ratings in an assisted living facility between
residents who had a pet with them vs. those who did not have a pet. She administered a scale asking them to rate
their overall satisfaction with the facility.
Did having a pet have an impact on the residents’ overall satisfaction
levels? Choose the correct test to analyze this question, set up the SPSS file,
and run the analysis. Follow the directions under the table below (on next
page).

Pet

47
42
35
46
49
39
40
46
52
40

No Pet

30
25
24
42
28
25

a)
Paste appropriate SPSS output. (2 pts)
b)
Paste appropriate SPSS graph. (2 pts)
c)
Write an APA-style results section describing the
outcome. All homework “Results sections” should follow the example given in the
Course Content document “Writing Results of Statistical Tests in APA Format”
(note: you do not have to refer to a figure). (2 pts)