Week 3 Problemsâ30 points
10 points per
problem. Put answers in the table:
1.
RD
= .366-.175 = .175
RR=
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif”> =.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif”> = 2.09
OR
=.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image006.gif”>= .0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image008.gif”> = 2.73
Upper
Limit of CI â 1.61
Lower
Limit of CI â 0.41
Based
om the Confidence Interval values which of the following are true?
Answer:
D â One can be 95% confident that the true value will be greater than both
the upper and lower limits
2.
3.
1. A clinical trial is conducted comparing a new pain medication
for arthritis. Participants are randomly
assigned to receive the new medication or a placebo. The outcome is pain relief within 30 minutes. The data are shown below.
Pain Relief
No Pain Relief
New Medication
44
76
Placebo
21
99
Estimate the risk difference in
pain relief between treatments
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image010.gif”>=
Estimate the relative risk in pain
relief between treatments
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image012.gif”>=
Estimate the odds ratio in pain
relief between treatments
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image014.gif”>=
The upper and lower limits of the .0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image014.gif”>are shown below
Lower Limit of CI: ____0.41____
Upper Limit of CI: ___1.61_____
Based on the
Confidence Interval values which of the following are true?
A.
One can be
95% confident that the true value will be greater than the upper limit.
B.
One can be
95% confident that the true value will be greater than the lower limit.
C.
One can be
95% confident that the true value will between the upper and lower limit.
D. a and b
2.The following
data were collected in a clinical trial evaluating a new compound designed to
improve wound healing in trauma patients.
The new compound is compared against a placebo. After treatment for 5 days with the new
compound or placebo the extent of wound healing is measured and the data are
shown below.
Percent Wound Healing
Treatment
0-25%
26-50%
51-75%
76-100%
New Compound (n=125)
15
37
32
41
Placebo (n=125)
36
45
34
10
Is there a difference in the
extent of wound healing by treatment?
(Hint: Are treatment and the percent
wound healing independent?) Run the
appropriate test at a 5% level of significance.
df= ________
alpha= ________
Reject H0if?2>
________
Compute expected frequencies
Expected Frequency = (Row Total * Column
Total)/N.
Complete the expected frequencies
for each cell.
Percent Wound Healing
Total
Treatment
0-25%
26-50%
51-75%
76-100%
New Compound
15
( )
37
( )
32
( )
41
( )
125
Placebo
36
( )
45
( )
34
( )
10
( )
125
Total
51
82
66
51
250
Compute ?2.
?2=
________
Based on comparing the computed ?2to the
rejection level ?2which of the following is (are) true?
A.
We have
statistically significant evidence at alpha=0.05 to show that H0 is
false.
B. Treatment and percent wound healing are not
independent.
C.
Treatment
and percent wound healing are independent.
D.
a and b.
3. A clinical trial is conducted comparing a new pain
reliever for arthritis to a placebo.
Participants are randomly assigned to receive the new treatment or a
placebo and the outcome is pain relief within 30 minutes. The data are shown below.
Pain Relief
No Pain Relief
New Medication
44
76
Placebo
21
99
Is there a significant difference
in the proportions of patients reporting pain relief? Run the test at a 5% level of significance.
Reject
H0 if Z < ________
or
if Z >________
alpha=
________
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image016.gif”>
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image018.jpg”> =________
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image020.jpg”> =________
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image022.jpg”> = ________
Z =________
Based on comparing the computed zto the rejection level zwhich of the following is (are) true?
A.
We have
statistically significant evidence at alpha=0.05 to show that H0 is
false.
B. We have statistically significant evidence at
alpha=0.05 to show thatthere a significant difference in the
proportions of patients reporting pain relief.
C.
We do not
have statistically significant evidence at alpha=0.05 to showthere a
significant difference in the proportions of patients reporting pain relief.
D.
a and b
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