Urinary Frequency Case Study
A comprehensive personal, medical, and family are necessary to establish an accurate diagnosis for the patient. Gathering information is important to confirm the parents’ health condition, including bladder control, history of kidney cancer, or kidney disease (Buttaro et al., 2017). The patient should confirm if they have contracted sexually transmitted diseases if they take OTC drugs such as diuretics and perianal or low back pain.
The physical exams include a digital rectal exam to palpate for any nodules, size, and prostate shape. In prostate cancer, a firm nodule is present while in BPH, the prostate is enlarged. In prostatitis, the prostate gland is enlarged and tender (Foster et al., 2018). An abdominal exam is also necessary to examine the bladder distention. A distended bladder is greater than 150ml.
Diagnostic tests and tools include a digital rectal exam to assess the degree of obstruction. Lab tests include PSA, urine dip, and complete metabolic panel (Rastrelli et al., 2019). Screening tools include ultrasound bladder to examine the post-void residual.
The diagnosis is benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). It is a common condition for men over 50 years. It causes enlarged prostate and narrowing of the urethra (Gandhi et al., 2017). The condition leads to urinary retention, renal insufficiency, incontinence, and urinary tract infections.
Treatment involves the prescription of Flomax 0.4mg PO since it decreases peripheral resistance and has fewer side effects. Educate the patient to avoid alcohol, irritant and spicy foods, and caffeine (Gandhi et al., 2017). Eat a healthy diet and practice double voiding. The patient will be referred to a urologist if the current therapy fails (Gandhi et al., 2017). Follow up the clinic after a month to assess improvement. Educate the patient on the side effects of Flomax, such as headache and drowsiness.
References
Buttaro, T. M., Polgar-Bailey, P., Sandberg-Cook, J., & Trybulski, J. (2017). Primary Care E-Book: A Collaborative Practice. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Foster, H. E., Barry, M. J., Dahm, P., Gandhi, M. C., Kaplan, S. A., Kohler, T. S., … & Welliver, C. (2018). Surgical management of lower urinary tract symptoms attributed to benign prostatic hyperplasia: AUA guideline. The Journal of Urology, 200(3), 612-619.
Gandhi, J., Weissbart, S. J., Smith, N. L., Kaplan, S. A., Dagur, G., Zumbo, A., … & Khan, S. A. (2017). The impact and management of sexual dysfunction secondary to pharmacological therapy of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Translational Andrology and Urology, 6(2), 295.
Rastrelli, G., Vignozzi, L., Corona, G., & Maggi, M. (2019). Testosterone and benign prostatic hyperplasia. Sexual Medicine Reviews, 7(2), 259-271.
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