The September 11, 2001, attacks

Posted: May 8th, 2023

Review, study, and report on a domestic or international terrorist event.

Pick one of the following events or an event of your choice.

Mumbai,
World Trade Center,
Oklahoma City Federal Building bombing.,
The Aurora, Colorado active shooter incident.,
Then, address the following:,

Look for indicators that might have been missed in preventing the event.
Suggest solutions to prevent a repeat of the event.
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Length of paper should be a minimum of 3-4written pages. (Title page and reference page are not included in this number.) Homeland Security

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The September 11, 2001, attacks on the World Trade Center in New York City, the deadliest terrorist attack on US soil, forever changed the way the United States viewed domestic and international terrorism. However, terrorism has long been a global problem, with numerous attacks taking place in different parts of the world. In this paper, we will analyze the Mumbai terrorist attack of 2008 and identify indicators that could have been missed in preventing the event. Furthermore, we will suggest solutions to prevent a repeat of the event.

Overview of the Mumbai Attack
On November 26, 2008, ten heavily armed terrorists arrived by boat in Mumbai, India, and carried out a series of coordinated attacks across the city, killing 166 people and injuring over 300. The attackers targeted various locations, including hotels, a railway station, and a Jewish center. The attack lasted for four days and ended with the death of all ten attackers.

Indicators that could have been Missed
The Mumbai terrorist attack was a highly coordinated and sophisticated operation that took months of planning and preparation. However, there were several indicators that could have been missed in preventing the event:

Intelligence Failure: The Indian intelligence agencies failed to gather crucial intelligence on the attack, such as the arrival of the terrorists by sea, which could have prevented the attack or reduced its impact.

Lack of Coordination: The response of the Indian security forces was slow and uncoordinated, leading to confusion and delays in responding to the attack. The lack of coordination between different security agencies, including the police and the military, hindered the response to the attack.

Poor Training: The Indian security forces lacked adequate training in responding to a terrorist attack of this magnitude. The security forces lacked the necessary equipment, such as night-vision goggles, to effectively respond to the attackers, who were heavily armed and had superior firepower.

Solutions to Prevent a Repeat of the Event
To prevent a repeat of the Mumbai terrorist attack, the Indian government could implement the following solutions:

Intelligence Sharing: The Indian government should establish better communication and intelligence-sharing channels between different intelligence agencies to prevent intelligence failures. The government should also work with international partners to improve intelligence sharing on terrorist threats.

Coordination: The Indian government should establish a coordinated response mechanism for responding to terrorist attacks. The government should develop joint training programs for different security agencies to ensure effective coordination and response to attacks.

Training: The Indian security forces should receive specialized training in responding to terrorist attacks, including urban warfare and counter-terrorism operations. The security forces should also be equipped with the necessary equipment, such as night-vision goggles, to effectively respond to attacks.

Conclusion
The Mumbai terrorist attack was a wake-up call for the Indian government and the international community, highlighting the need for better coordination, intelligence-sharing, and specialized training in responding to terrorist attacks. While it is impossible to prevent all terrorist attacks, implementing the solutions outlined above can reduce the risk and impact of such attacks. The international community must work together to combat terrorism and prevent such attacks from happening again.

References

Bakshi, P. M. (2009). The Mumbai Terrorist Attacks of November 2008: An Overview. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, 32(10), 899-916. doi: 10.1080/10576100903153305

Government of India. (2011). Report of the High-Level Committee on the Mumbai Terrorist Attacks. Retrieved from https://mha.gov.in/sites/default/files/HighLevelCommitteereport-English.pdf

Hoffman, B. (2018). Inside Terrorism (3rd ed.). New York: Columbia University Press