Acid/BaseChemistry
Portland Community College Staff*
Version42-0137-00-01
Lab Report Assistant
Thisdocumentisnotmeanttobeasubstitute foraformallaboratoryreport.TheLabReport Assistantissimplyasummaryoftheexperimentâsquestions,diagramsifneeded,anddatatables
that
shouldbeaddressedinaformallabreport.
Theintentistofacilitatestudentsâwriting
oflab reports by providing
this informationin an editable
filewhich can be sent to an instructor.
Observations
Incolumns3 and4,
recordthe
colorandintensityseen. In
columns5 and6, determine
ifthe substanceisanacidorabase,andifthesubstanceisionic.Forthelastcolumn,determinewhich chemical species is actingas
an acid or base.
Data
Table 1: Acids and Bases Actingin Water
Well
Substance
1dropBTB
Plus1dropof substance
Acidor
base (Q1)
Ionic? Y/N (Q2)
Species
actingas
acidor base
(Q3)
1
NaHCO3
2
CH3COOH
3
HCL
4
Na2CO3
5
H2SO4
6
CH3COONa
7
NaOH
8
HNO3
9
NaHSO4
10
NH3
11
H3PO4
12
NaH2PO4
13
Na2HPO4
14
Na3PO4
15
NaHSO3
Data
Table 2: Following Acid/Base
neutralizationreactions
Well
#
1Dropof Each
Observation
+2Drops
Acid
Observation
+2Drops
Base
Observation
1
BPB+ NaOH
HCl
NaOH
2
BPB+ NaOH
H2SO4
NaOH
3
BPB+ NaOH
CH3COOH
NaOH
4
BPB+ NaOH
H3PO4
NaOH
5
BPB+ Ca(OH)2
HCl
Ca(OH)2
6
BPB+ Ca(OH)2
H2SO4
Ca(OH)2
7
BPB+ Ca(OH)2
CH3COOH
Ca(OH)2
8
BPB+ Ca(OH)2
H3PO4
Ca(OH)2
9
BPB+ NH3
HCl
NH3
10
BPB+ NH3
H2SO4
NH3
11
BPB+ NH3
CH3COOH
NH3
12
BPB+ NH3
H3PO4
NH3
Please note here
if any of the other starting
materials is other than a clear,
colorless solution.
Data
Table 3: Investigating
Odor as a Means of IndicatingNeutralization.
Substance(s)
Odor
2Dropsof
HClinWell#1
1Dropof Ammoniaon Swab
SwabwithAmmonia&
HCl
Data
Table 4: Investigating
Evaporationas
a Means of
Indicating
a Neutralization Reaction.
ReactionMixture
Observation(When Wet)
Observation(When Dry)
HCl + NaOH
CH3COOH + NH3
HNO3+ NaOH
PART5:Mini-Experiments
1.
UseBTBtoclassifyfourhouseholdproductsasacidicorbasic.Possiblesubstancestotest
includehomecleaningproducts,
glasscleaner,liquiddetergent,bleach,
softdrinks,liquid
from food items, etc.
Remember to:
a. Hypothesis (What you think will
happen and why) or purpose:
b. Method
used to test your hypothesis:
c. DataandObservationsPutyourdataandobservationsinthespace
below.Youcaninclude
pictures that you âdraw.â
d. Conclusions
2. Find
onecommon,highlycoloredsubstancethatcanbeusedasanacid-baseindicator.
Possiblesubstancesinclude
fruit/vegetablejuiceorproducts,
inks,foodcoloring,flower
petals,etc.Ifusingfreshfruit,veggies,orflowers,crushthesubstancewithalittlewateror
rubbingalcoholto extractthecoloredpigments.Ifredcabbageis available,itmakesasuperb
acid-baseindicator.Thenuseafewdropsofthecoloredextractastheindicator.Testfour
more
household products using the freshly made acid-base indicator. Remember
to:
a. State
a hypothesis or purpose.
b. State
the testingmethod.
c. Usethepreparedindicatortotestfoursubstancesknowntobeacidsorbasesfromeither the LabPaq or home materials and record results.
d. State
conclusions in terms of the hypothesis or purpose.
Questions
A. ReviewthesubstancesusedinPart1.Determinewhethereachsubstancecontainsanacidor a base based on the BTB results.
Place answers to this questionin column 6 of Data Table 1.
B. ReviewtheresponsestoQuestion3.Theanionthatisproducedinthedissociationofthe
compoundgoesonto reactwiththe water.Identifytheanion
productineachreaction.Placethe
formulasfor these species intocolumn7
ofData Table1. If the substance isnotionicandthus
does not dissociate, then list the substance in column 7, just as it
appears in column 1.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.gif”>
–
C. Foreachionicspecies
inDataTable1,writetheequationshowingthedissociationofthe compound
in water. Hint: thereâs one for
each line provided below.
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif”>.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.gif”>.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif”>.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image005.gif”>.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image006.gif”>.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image007.gif”>.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif”>.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.gif”>
+
a. NaHCO3Ã Na
+ HCO3
Reviewtheresponses
toQuestion 3.Theanionthatisproducedinthedissociation ofthe
compoundgoesonto reactwiththe water.Identifytheanion
productineachreaction.Placethe
formulasfor these species intocolumn7
ofData Table1. If the substance isnotionicandthus
does not dissociate, then list the substance in column 7, just as it
appears in column 1.
D. Write the reaction
of each acid or base the substance
listed
in column 7 with water.
Acids: Bases:
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image008.gif”>a) HCO-+ H-OH
à HCO
+ OH-
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif”>.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image005.gif”>.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image009.gif”>.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image010.gif”>.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif”>.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image011.gif”>.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif”>.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image005.gif”>.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif”>.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image011.gif”>.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif”>.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image005.gif”>.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image009.gif”>3 2 3
1. What
is produced in each and every reactionof an acid with water?
2. What
is produced in each and every reactionof a base with water?
E. Reviewtheresults
inDataTable2.Foreachreactionmixture,writethereactionequation
describing the acid/base neutralizationreaction:
.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif”>.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image012.gif”>.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image006.gif”>.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif”>.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.gif”>.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif”>.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image012.gif”>.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image006.gif”>.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image007.gif”>.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif”>.0/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.gif”>2) 2NaOH + H2SO4 Ã 2H2O+ Na2SO4
F. Definethetermâneutralizationâandprovideanexampleofaneutralizationequation.Listthe
three ways used in this lab to detected
neutralization.
G. Definethe
term âsalt,â and provide
an example.
H. ReviewDataTable3.Whathappenedwhenthetwochemicalsweremixed?Whatindicates
that conclusion? What reaction
took place?
I. ReviewDataTable4.Whathappenedwhenthesolution
mixturesontheglassslide
were heated? Describe the process that took place.
J. InPart4,forHCl+NaOH,whatisleftontheslide afterheating?Providetheformula.Whatis the common
name of this substance?
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